什么是海明威

Hemingway, Ernest (Miller)

美国小说家。中学毕业後开始当记者。第一次世界大战时，在担任救护车司机时受伤。後来成为侨居巴黎的一批着名美国作家之一，不久他开始过着旅行、滑雪、钓鱼和打猎的生活，这些都可在他的作品中看出来。1925年出版短篇小说集《在我们的时代》，翌年即接着出版小说《妾似朝阳又照君》。後来的小说包括《战地春梦》（1929）和《有的和没有的》（1937）。他毕生喜爱西班牙（包括着迷於斗牛运动），在西班牙内战时，他还以记者身分前往工作，这段经历促其写成小说《战地钟声》（1940）。其他短篇故事集包括《没有女人的男人》（1927）、《胜者一无所获》（1933）和《第五纵队》（1938）。约自1940年起，他开始定居於古巴，即中篇小说《老人与海》（1952，获普立兹奖）的背景地。1954年获诺贝尔文学奖。1959年古巴革命後，海明威离开古巴，一年後，精神沮丧和生病，最後用猎枪自杀。死後出版了他早年在巴黎练习写作的《流动的飨宴》（1964）。此後几十年，许多英美作家深受其早期简洁精炼的诗词风格的影响。

1899～1961年

Hemingway, Ernest (Miller)

U.S. writer. Born in Oak Park, Ill., he began work as a journalist after high school. He was wounded while serving as an ambulance driver in World War I. He later became part of a famous group of expatriate writers in Paris, and soon embarked on a life of travel, skiing, fishing, and hunting that would be reflected in his work. His story collection In Our Time (1925) was followed by the novel The Sun Also Rises (1926). Later novels included A Farewell to Arms (1929) and To Have and Have Not (1937). His lifelong love for Spain (including a fascination with bullfighting) led to his working as a correspondent during the Spanish Civil War, which resulted in the novel For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940). Other short-story collections include Men Without Women (1927), Winner Take Nothing (1933), and The Fifth Column (1938). He lived primarily in Cuba from c. 1940, the locale of his novella The Old Man and the Sea (1952, Pulitzer Prize). He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1954. He left Cuba shortly after its 1959 revolution; a year later, depressed and ill, he shot himself. A Moveable Feast (1964) is a posthumously published Paris memoir. The succinct and concentrated prose style of his early works strongly influenced many British and American writers for decades.